This monthโs simple science experiment will have your child creating homemade icicles.ย Sure, it wonโt be the actual way icicles form, in fact this is how stalactites and stalagmites are created. It will, however, create a wintery feel in any house, without the actual cold.
Materials:
Two tall glasses, 2 feet of cotton string (thicker than thread), 2 paper clips, water, a plate, Epsom salts or baking soda, a deep bowl.
Procedure:
- Pour about 1 cup of Epsom salts or baking soda into a bowl. Add about 2 cups of warm water and stir.
- You should still see the chunks floating in the water. If it all dissolves, then add some more and stir it in.
- Tie the paper clips to either end of the string. (Make sure this is a thick stringโฆ more than thread, less than a shoelace).
- Put the string in the bowl of water and let it soak there for an hour.
- Put two glasses about a foot apart with a small plate in between. I used a small piece of plywood to hold all these on in case I had to move it.
- After an hour, pour the water from the bowl into the two glasses. Hang the string between the two glasses with the paper clips inside them. You want the string to loop down so the lowest level is below the water level in the glasses.
- If there is no more Epsom salts or baking soda in the water, add a spoonful now.
- Wait a few days to see your icicles form!
Explanation:
When you dissolve the solid in the water it will flow with it. Much like when you put sugar or salt in water. We โsaturatedโ the water in the bowl with Epsom salts or baking soda, meaning the water dissolved as much material as it could. We soaked the string in the liquid so that when we hung it across the two glasses, water would continue to flow up and through the string. The water carrying the dissolved material then dripped from the lowest part of the string, but left little bits of the solid behind. This built up over time and formed the icicle shape. On the plate, the solid material also collected into little mounds.
This is how stalactites and stalagmites form. Material inside rocks called โcalcium carbonateโ dissolves into water and then drips out of the ceiling of caves. The stalactites form from the ceiling and stalagmites from on the ground as the material solidifies.
Experiment further:
Will other materials form solid โicicles?โ Will sugar do the same thing? Think about other materials that dissolve in water that might work. My kids had the idea to color the water (they try to put food coloring in everything). Does that change the color of the substance? What if you put red on one side and blue on the other?
I hope you enjoyed this simple experiment. ย If you have more questions about this, or need tips about science fair ideas around this topic (or others), contact the author.
Steve Davala is a middle school science teacher who likes to write and work with Photoshop. Heโs got two kids of his own and subjects them to these science activities as guinea pigs.ย